2. METHODS OF STUDYING BIOLOGY
The following are the methods of studying Biology.
1.Observation (Identification of a problem.)
This process involves the following sense organs: eyes, ear, nose, skin and tongue. But the tongue is rarely used because some of the chemicals are poisonous.
2.Hypothesis.
Involves a guess work so it can be regarded as a biological acceptable explanation of what has been observed unless more proof takes place.
3.Experimentation.
Is designed to prove or disprove formulate of hypothesis. This work is done in the laboratory.
4.Observation and data recording.
At this level, we observe and record important events which appear to be important or meaningful.
5.Interpretation of data.
At this level obtained are clearly explained in relation to the purpose of the experiment.
6.Conclusion.
At this level, the researcher is either confirming or rejecting the hypothesis formulated.
Measurements:During experiments in order to observe clearly an instrument called microscope is used.
MIRCOSCOPE.
Microscope: Is an instrument used to magnify images of near objects to a large size.
Parts of a microscope.
- Mirror- It directs light to the object.
- Stage- The object to be observed is placed.
- Adjustment- Knobs, coarse and fine adjustment are used to obtain a clear object of moving them up and down.
- Eye piece- Is fitted with magnifying lenses, so at this level an object is enlarged in order to be observed clearly.
- Objectives- Is also used for magnifying lenses because objectives vary in their magnification powers.
The power is indicated on the objectives as X5, X10, X40 etc.
Note- X means multiply.